Usermode can now call system functions (currently get key, gfx mode) with INT 21H, Test switch to graphics mode is done from Usermode

fault.nasm

@@ -14,6 +14,106 @@ call error_environment
 hlt
 jmp .hlt
 
+extern gpf_handler_v86
+global gpfHandler
+gpfHandler:
+push eax
+push ebx
+mov bx, ds
+mov ax, 0x10
+mov ds, ax
+mov word [_gpf_old_ds], bx
+pop ebx
+mov eax, dword [esp+16] ; EFLAGS
+and eax, 1 << 17 ; VM flag
+test eax, eax
+pop eax
+jnz gpf_handler_v86
+jmp gpf_handler_32
+gpf_unhandled:
+mov dword [error_screen+0x00], 0x0f000f00 | 'G' | 'P' << 16
+mov dword [error_screen+0x04], 0x0f000f00 | 'F' | '!' << 16
+jmp _fault_coda
+
+_gpf_old_ds: dw 0
+extern get_key
+extern task_ptr
+extern _enter_v86_internal_no_task
+extern return_prev_task
+extern v86GfxMode
+gpf_handler_32:
+push eax
+mov eax, dword [esp+8] ; EIP
+movzx eax, word [eax]
+cmp eax, 0x30CD ; int 0x30
+je .int30
+cmp eax, 0x21CD ; int 0x21
+je .int21
+jmp gpf_unhandled
+.int21:
+pop eax ; command
+cmp al, 0x00 ; get key
+jne .s1
+call get_key
+jmp .return_to_offender
+.s1: cmp al, 0x10 ; set video mode
+jne .return_to_offender
+add dword [esp+4], 2
+; add a new task
+call _gpf_create_return_task
+; now enter v86 mode
+; push args
+mov eax, v86GfxMode
+and eax, 0xffff
+push eax ; ip
+mov eax, v86GfxMode
+shr eax, 16
+push eax ; cs
+push 0xFF00 ; sp
+push 0x8000 ; ss
+jmp _enter_v86_internal_no_task ; NOT a function call
+.int30:
+pop eax ; return value
+jmp return_prev_task
+.return_to_offender:
+add dword [esp+4], 2
+push eax
+mov ax, word [_gpf_old_ds]
+mov ds, ax
+pop eax
+add esp, 4 ; error code
+iret
+
+_gpf_create_return_task:
+; handler stack stored in edx
+mov edx, esp
+mov esp, dword [task_ptr]
+mov eax, [edx+20] ; ss
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+16] ; esp
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+12] ; eflags
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+8] ; cs
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+4] ; eip
+push eax
+mov ax, word [_gpf_old_ds] ; restore old ds
+mov ds, ax
+push ds
+push es
+push fs
+push gs
+push ebp
+push ebx
+push esi
+push edi
+mov ax, 0x10
+mov ds, ax
+mov dword [task_ptr], esp ; save new task pointer
+mov esp, edx ; restore handler stack
+ret
+
 global unhandled_handler
 unhandled_handler:
 mov ax, 0x10
@@ -37,33 +137,6 @@ mov dword [error_screen+0x08], 0x0f000f00 | 'T' | ':' << 16
 mov dword [error_screen+0x0C], ebx
 jmp _fault_coda
 
-extern gpf_handler_v86
-global gpfHandler
-gpfHandler:
-push eax
-mov ax, 0x10
-mov ds, ax
-mov eax, dword [esp+16] ; EFLAGS
-and eax, 1 << 17 ; VM flag
-test eax, eax
-pop eax
-jnz gpf_handler_v86
-jmp gpf_handler_32
-gpf_unhandled:
-mov dword [error_screen+0x00], 0x0f000f00 | 'G' | 'P' << 16
-mov dword [error_screen+0x04], 0x0f000f00 | 'F' | '!' << 16
-jmp _fault_coda
-
-gpf_handler_32:
-push eax
-mov eax, dword [esp+8] ; EIP
-movzx eax, word [eax]
-cmp eax, 0x30CD ; int 0x30
-jne gpf_unhandled
-pop eax ; return value
-jmp return_prev_task
-
-extern return_prev_task
 
 global divisionErrorHandler
 divisionErrorHandler:

kernel.c

@@ -112,7 +112,8 @@ void ensure_v86env() {
     while (d < &_ev86code)
         *d++ = *s++;
     for (int i = 0; i < 80*50; i++)
-        if (!error_screen[i]) error_screen[i] = 0x0f00;
+        if (!(error_screen[i] & 0xFF00))
+            error_screen[i] = 0x0f00 | (error_screen[i] & 0x00FF);
 }
 
 void error_environment() {
@@ -155,9 +156,7 @@ void TestV86() {
     FARPTR v86_entry = i386LinearToFp(v86Test);
     enter_v86(0x8000, 0xFF00, FP_SEG(v86_entry), FP_OFF(v86_entry));
 }
-void TestGfx() {
-    FARPTR v86_entry = i386LinearToFp(v86GfxMode);
-    enter_v86(0x8000, 0xFF00, FP_SEG(v86_entry), FP_OFF(v86_entry));
+void TestUser() {
     char *vga = jmp_usermode_test();
     for (int i = 0; i < 320; i++) {
         vga[i] = i;
@@ -304,7 +303,7 @@ void start() {
         *vga_text = (*vga_text & 0xFF00) | key;
         vga_text++;
     }
-    TestGfx();
+    TestUser();
     kbd_wait();
     TestDiskRead();
     kbd_wait();

task.nasm

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ mov ax, 0x28
 ltr ax
 ret
 
+global task_ptr
 task_ptr: equ (0x310000-4)
 
 ; return address in EAX
@@ -49,6 +50,16 @@ mov fs, ax
 mov eax, [edx+8+16] ; es
 mov es, ax
 ; SS:ESP <- return stack
+push ecx
+mov eax, [edx+32+16] ; ss
+mov ecx, [edx+20+16] ; cs
+and eax, 3
+and ecx, 3
+or eax, ecx
+pop ecx
+cmp eax, 3
+je .ret_stack
+.ret_no_stack:
 mov esp, [edx+28+16] ; esp
 mov eax, [edx+32+16] ; ss
 mov ss, ax
@@ -62,13 +73,30 @@ mov eax, [edx+12+16] ; ds
 mov ds, ax
 mov eax, ecx ; restore return value
 iret
+.ret_stack:
+mov eax, [edx+32+16] ; ss
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+28+16] ; esp
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+24+16] ; eflags
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+20+16] ; cs
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+16+16] ; eip
+push eax
+mov eax, [edx+12+16] ; ds
+mov ds, ax
+mov eax, ecx ; restore return value
+iret
 
 ; extern void enter_v86(uint32_t ss, uint32_t esp, uint32_t cs, uint32_t eip);
 global enter_v86
+global _enter_v86_internal_no_task
 enter_v86:
 pop eax ; return address
 mov ecx, esp ; return stack
 call save_current_task
+_enter_v86_internal_no_task:
 mov ebp, esp               ; save stack pointer
 push dword  [ebp+0]        ; ss
 push dword  [ebp+4]        ; esp

usermode.nasm

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ mov dword [0xb8004], 0x0f000f00 | 'e' | 'r' << 16
 mov dword [0xb8008], 0x0f000f00 | 'm' | 'o' << 16
 mov dword [0xb800C], 0x0f000f00 | 'd' | 'e' << 16
 mov word [0xb8010], 0x0f00 | '!'
+mov eax, 0 ; command = 00, get key
+int 0x21 ; OS call
+mov eax, 0x00030010 ; command = 10, set video mode 3
+int 0x21 ; OS call
 mov edi, 0xA0000
 xor eax, eax
 .loop: